Friday, October 31, 2008

''The Lottery''

1. It is the story of a small town having a barbaric ritual every 27th of June. It consists of drawing a paper for every family. The family with the black spot has to pick again for every member of the family. The person who gets the black spot gets killed with the stones thrown by the other people of the town.

2. The reception was controverse. Some people were disgusted and enraged by the story. The american reader felt accused. Others wanted to know where they could go to see this ritual in person.

3.Helen E. Nebeker's says every name in the story has a profound significance.For example, Martin derives from a word meaning ape or monkey. Peter Kosenko interprets '' The Lottery'' as a critique of capitalism, saying ''It is in human nature to kill and that is unfair.''

Sentence Pattern 8, 9

S.P.8: Repetition of a key term using a dash -- or a comma , (using a phrase)


Ex: We all inhabit a mysterious world -- the inner world, the world of the mind.

Ex: In '' the lottery'' Jackson mocks community worship of outdated customs, customs that have no meaning, customs that are uncivilized and barbaric.

Ex: The cuban hurricane was devastating -- devastating for the people, devastating for the animals and the land.





S.P.9: Emphatic appositive at the end after a colon :



-----appositive-----
Ex: Metro thieves have a common target: the wallets or purses of old people.


Ex: The country elected (the obvious choice) ( a westerner) ( an unpopular man in Quebec) as PM: Stephan Harper.

Ex: I love to eat dessert: cheesecake, particularly after dinner. OR After dinner, I love to eat dessert: cheesecake.

Friday, October 24, 2008

Poetic devices

-----------------------
applied to poetry, novels, etc.



- Connotation

-Denotation

-Figures of speech
---simile
---metaphor
---personification
---apostrophe
---hyperbole
---oxymoron

-imagery

-symbolism

-antithesis

-irony

-pun

-------------------------Sounds of language------------------
usually applied only to poetry

-euphony

-cacophony

-alliteration

-rhyme

-onomatopoeia

-assonance

-consonance

Sentence Patterns : 6,7

S.P.6 : An internal series of appositives or modifiers using dashes -- -- or parentheses ( ) .


A dash gives a little more importance to the information. Parentheses give less important information.


ex: My favorite french wines -- merlot, chardonnay, cabernet, sauvignon-- are wonderful to savour.

ex: Many books students enjoy reading ( Emma, Little women, Jane Eyre ) show women in traditional roles in society.


ex: The movies I enjoy enormously (Rent, Hairspray, Ever After) are mostly musicals.

ex: My favorite desserts-- cheesecake, cinnamon rolls, vanilla cake-- taste even better when homemade.




S.P. 7 : Dependent clauses ( beginning with a subordinationg conjunction) in a pair or series ( beginning or end).


Very useful to use in you thesis statement in conclusion. You can bring all your ideas together.

Subordinating conjunctions:
time: when, since, after, before, while.
place: where, wherever. purpose: because, as.
contrast: although, though, even if.
condition: if, unless.


ex: Because it may seem typical at first, because it may sound awkward, because it creates long sentences, this pattern seems forbidden to writers, but it's easy; try it!

ex: Since he has little imagination and since he had even less talent, he wasn't hired for the job.

ex: Because she is small and because she has a child's voice, nobody takes Mary seriously.







Friday, October 10, 2008

Mid-term writing test

1.Louise's opinion of marriage is negative. She feels that the woman is too submissive to her husband and cannot express herself freely. We can see this in the twelfth paragraph.

3. She is awaiting the future with great joy: no one to tell her how to behave or what to do. We can see her opinion clearly in the line '' There would be... ;she would live for herself.''

4. Richard and Josephine thought the Mallard's wedding was a beautiful one: Louise was a devoted, young, caring wife who loved her husband enormously. However, Richard loved Louise; therefore, her loss was his gain.

7. She is sad because her husband has died and dying is always something hard to accept. However, she feels joy because she did not really love him and it is more a liberation than a loss.


There are many instances of irony in the story ''The story of an hour''. Indeed, we can notice certain elements hinting towards an ironic atmosphere, while reading. We can see this in the message of the story which is we must not judge someone by his looks, and in the themes of marriage and relationships. For example, Richard is the husband’s friend, but enjoys Brently's death because he is also in love with Louise; so, he is very kind and considerate towards her, not because of her loss, but to use this situation to become more intimate with her.

Also, with the presence of irony in this context, we can deduce the message of the story as: things aren’t always what they seem. As explained before, Richard is supposedly sad for his best friend, but is rather happy for himself. We can feel how he exaggerates his sadness when he says he has to hasten '' in bearing the sad message''. The sad message is not at all sad in his case. Furthermore, the last sentence explains the cause of Louise's death: she died of happiness. However, we know, as the reader, that this is not the case. On the contrary, she was perfectly happy with her husband’s death and had a heart attack because she saw her horrible, repressing, submissive, unhappy life reappear in the form of the man she did not love. Moreover, the author explains to us what is truly marriage: the silent cage to a woman’s freedom. Indeed, it is silent because she cannot express her misery. The general feeling, outside the main character’s head, shows how the other characters think Louise happy in her perfect marriage. But it being not the case is the biggest irony of all. We can conclude that marriage is not seen as a wonderful thing by all of the concerned indivuals. This also demonstrates how the relationship between everyone is mostly shallow. Josephine does not understand the pain her sister must endure in being a wife and believes, like everyone else, that she died of happiness. Furthermore, Richard should be truly sad for his friend’s death, but in not being so we see that their friendship was not as strong as it seemed.

In conclusion, ''The story of an hour'' can be described by the great presence of irony in its plot, characters, and themes: marriage and relationships seem harmonous on the outside, but are mostly shallow on the inside. It makes us requestion ourselves about the way we see one another: we must look deeper than what we only see with our eyes.


Word count: 434

Friday, October 3, 2008

Hills like white elephants

1. Introduction:
  • Written in 1929
  • Ingenious symbolism
  • Powerful dialogue
  • Iceburg theory

2. Plot summary:

  • Jig is pregnant
  • Takes place in Spain
  • 40 mins

  • The American and Jig are waiting for the train at the train station while drinking beer.
  • Conversation quickly turns to an operation the American wants Jig to undergo.
  • We comprehend that the operation is abortion because of certain sentences like :« But I don't want anybody but you»
  • Jig tries to give arguments against the abortion, but the American stays impassive
  • Jig finally consents with the argument that she doesn't care about herself and tries to drop the subject.
  • The American still tries to convince Jig, because he is unsure that she is completely sure.

3.Themes and recurring elements:

  • Abortion
  • Alcohol
  • Romantic relationships
  • Responsibility vs Hedonism ( total pleasure)

  • The beer symbolismes the disagreement between the two people, so they try to pass the time and the unease with drinking.
  • The white elephant could mean for the American an unuseful and additional cost, while Jig can see it as a wonderful addition to her life.
  • The white elephant could also mean the emotional neglect Jig is experiencing. She is the American's white elephant: useless, but there to boast his pride.

4.Symbolism and setting:

  • Jig is a dance, slang for sex = object
  • White elephant= baby for the man
  • Number 2 = two felt pads, bags, drinks, tracks, people ( 3 is a crowd)

  • White elephant: expense for American, tries to convince her abortion is best, will resolve all their problems and is very simple.
  • Train station divides the fertile land and the barren land: Two choices in life, different understanding of the problem. Division between the couple.
  • Jig means sexual intercourse, is her pet name : viewed as an object by the American , only a tool.

5. Dialogue:

  • Indicates resentment and unease
  • Jig is distant, submissive, the American is rational.
  • tone and pattern indicates deeper problem than what we see on the surface.

Formative work: October 24

Course 3: Fundamentals of Writing 4: Editing I







  • Interest level: Very interesting. There are different types of exercices. I would recommend this to the students who have problems writing coherent sentences. It teaches you how to watch out for common mistakes while writing.


  • Difficulty level: It wasn't very hard, but it helped me a lot. I wouldn't change for a harder course. It was a perfect difficulty level for me to start. I think I will try the next course for the next formative work.


  • What you learned ( examples) : I learned to watch out for run-on and run-together sentences, and I learned how to correct them. I learned that neither is always singular. I learned the importance of referring correctly to indefinite pronouns while writing. I learned a very easy trick to help me with pronoun case agreement.


  • Score: There isn't a score given at the end of this course.

RATING: 8/10









Course 4: Fundamentals of Writing Course Prompt: Persuasive 1


  • Interest level: It is interesting to see how much I can write in a short period of time. I think I lost a lot of points in the length of my text. It is not indicated how long our essay must be. I think we should be given a general idea of how many words we should write. Next time, I will write a longer essay and take more time in writing it.

  • Difficulty level: It takes time to write. I wrote quickly and did not review my text. It was easy for me because I did it very quickly, but I should have taken more time to write my essay and work harder on it.

  • What you learned: I learned that I have to take the time to write clearly. My sentence structure is weak. My use of punctuation is not very good either. I have a lot of work to do to be able to write clearly and coherently.

  • Score: 3/6

RATING: 5/10





Cat on a hot tin roof: November 11,12,13

1. Where and when does the story take place? (setting: place and time (geographical and historical))

2. Who are the characters? ( characterization)

3. What's their relationship?

4. What is the mood of the scene? ( atmosphere, feeling, dramatic tension)

5. What and whom are they talking about? ( narrative, plot, dialogue)





Context: Write short answers.
-What kind of family did Tennessee Williams (TW) have?
-Where does his first name come from?
-What is the Pulitzer Prize? the top american award.
-How was the original play changed for both Broadway and the cinema?
-How did TW die?
-What was the new American drama that TW represented?


Plot Overview: Put the events in the correct order.
-Maggie confesses to making love with Skipper. _____
-The family gets together with Mama and talks of Big Daddy’s cancer._____
-Big Daddy asks Brick about his drinking problem. _____
-Maggie says the Brick’s brother and wife are plotting to take all the inheritance. _____
-Maggie announces that she’s pregnant. _____
-Maggie talks about Brick and Skipper’s love for each other. _____
-We learn that Brick injured his ankle. _____
-Big Daddy enters the room. _____
-Brick says that the relationship with Skipper was pure. _____

Character List: Write down all the adjectives used to describe each character. Find the definition of the words you don’t know.
Margaret (Maggie), cat: bitchy, lonely, hard, nervous, gorgeous
Brick: alcoholic, masculine, suppressed homosexual, broken
Big Daddy: Brick's father, Maggie's father-in-law, fat, brash ( aggressive), vulgar, redneck, rich
Big Mama: fat, crude ( vulgar), earnest(sincere), dedicated to her husband
Mae: Brick's sister-in-law, Gooper's wife, mean, agitated, scheming, (conspiring)
Gooper: Brick's older brother, successful, eldest son, less popular, resentful, ruthless
Reverend Tucker:
Doctor Baugh:
The children: 5



Analysis of Major Characters:
Why is Maggie the most interesting character?
What does Brick’s injury represent?
Why does Maggie call Big Daddy a “redneck’?
What does Mama desperately want?


Themes, Motifs, and Symbols:
What was American society’s view of homosexuality at the time?
What are the two “lies” in the play?
What does the image of the “cat” represent?
What is Big Daddy’s narcissistic love for Brick?
What do the children represent?


Symbols:What do these three things symbolize?
- Bed
- Console
- Crutch


1. Cat Quiz: How’s your memory?
1. What is Gooper's occupation?
(A) He is a planter
(B) He is a defense attorney
-(C) He is a corporate lawyer
(D) He is a sports annoucer

2. What is the name of Skipper and Brick's pro football team?
(A) The Dixie Chicks
-(B) The Dixie Stars
(C) The Dixie Stripes
(D) The Dixie Cups

3. What happened to Big Daddy in Morocco?
(A) He was propositioned by a rent-boy
(B) He was fed to a man-eating plant
(C) He was eaten alive by a mob of street children
-(D) He was propositioned by a child prostitute

4. What body part do Mae's children apparently lack?
(A) Chins
(B) Eyes
-(C) Necks
(D) Legs

5. What did Maggie buy Big Daddy for his birthday?
(A) A clock
(B) A chandelier
(C) A tie
-(D) A robe

6. Who is described as a cat at some point in the play?
-(A) Maggie
(B) Mae
(C) Brick
(D) All of the above

7. Daddy believes that he suffers from which of the following?
(A) A ruptured spleen
-(B) A spastic colon
(C) Appendicitis
(D) Liver failure

8. What is the ostensible object of Brick's disgust?
-(A) Mendacity
(B) Time
(C) Women
(D) Children

9. Where did Maggie and Brick go to school?
(A) Emory
-(B) Old Miss
(C) Duke
(D) Notre Dame

10. How old is Big Daddy?
(A) Seventy-five
(B) Fifty-five
(C) Seventy
-(D) Sixty-five

11. Who was a cotton carnival queen?
(A) Maggie
(B) Big Mama
(C) Miss Sally
-(D) Mae

12. What do the children sing to Big Daddy?
-(A) Skinamarinka-dinka-dink
(B) My Heart Belongs to Daddy
(C) For He's a Jolly Good Fellow
(D) Yesterday Once More

13. What is Big Daddy's trademark word?
(A) Goddamn
(B) Shoot
(C) Darn
-(D) Crap

14. What is Big Mama's name?
(A) Polly
(B) Cornelia
(C) Sally
-(D) Ida

15. What were the names of the plantation's previous owners?
(A) Straw and Othello
-(B) Straw and Ochello
(C) Ochello and Sawyer
(D) Othello and Sawyer

16. How many official versions of Cat are in circulation?
(A) Two
-(B) Three
(C) Four
(D) One

17. Who directed the premiere of Cat?
(A) Burl Ives
(B) Richard Brooks
-(C) Elia Kazan
(D) Madeleine Sherwood

18. When did Brick start drinking?
-(A) When Skipper died
(B) When Maggie slept with Skipper
(C) When he injured his back
(D) When Big Daddy got sick

19. Who confronted Skipper on his love for Brick?
(A) Brick
(B) Big Daddy
(C) Gooper
-(D) Maggie

20. Who revealed this love to Brick?
(A) Maggie
(B) Big Daddy
-(C) Skipper
(D) Mae

21. How does Maggie get Brick to sleep with her?
(A) Big Mama convinces Brick to impregnate her
(B) Big Daddy commands Brick to do so
-(C) She locks up his liquor
(D) She tricks him into thinking she is Skipper

22. Who tells Big Daddy that he is dying?
(A) Gooper
(B) Big Mama
-(C) Brick
(D) Maggie

23.Who does Big Mama jostle in her lap?
(A) Big Daddy
(B) Mae
(C) Doctor Baugh
-(D) Reverend Tooker

24. Who keeps calling from Memphis?
(A) Cornelia
-(B) Sally
(C) Gladys
(D) Dixie

25. Who sleeps next to Maggie and Brick's room?
(A) Big Daddy and Big Mama
-(B) Mae and Gooper
(C) Mae and Gooper's children
(D) The servants



MENDACITY, mendacious

The doctor lies about Big Daddy's health.( to make Big Daddy happy)
Maggies lies about being pregnant. ( to make Big Daddy happy)
Mae and Gooper pretend to like Big Daddy. ( to get the plantation)
Big Mama pretends everything is all right.
Brick lies to himself about his feelings for Skipper.
The Reverend pretends that the party is fine.